Senedj
| Senedj was a pharaoh of the Second dynasty of Egypt who ruled for 20 years. He resided at Memphis .
A chapel to one of his successors, Peribsen, was erected in Senedj's funerary temple |
| Seth-Peribsen | Seth-Peribsen was a pharaoh during the Second dynasty of Egypt who ruled for seventeen years. He is considered to be the predecessor of Khasekhemwy. He was buried in Umm el-Qa'ab in Abydos, where a seal impression contains the first full sentence written in hieroglyphs.
His burial stelae (one of which is on display in the British Museum) show a Seth-creature rather than the more common Horus, and this might reveal that the king did not rule over the whole area of Egypt.
There is considerable debate as to whether Peribsen was succeeded by Sekhemib-Perenmaat, or whether they are in fact the same person, being referred to by different names (this may well example the presence of the Seth-creature on his Serekh).
| Sekhemib-Perenmaat
| Sekhemib-Perenmaat, a poorly attested pharaoh of the Egyptian second dynasty, may have been the same individual also known as Peribsen, or more likely a separate individual who ruled Lower Egypt at the same time that Peribsen ruled Upper Egypt. Recent archaeological evidence from Saqqara supports the theory of a Sekhemib-Perenmaat to Khasekhemwy royal succession.
Peribsen is attested exclusively in Upper Egyptian sites such as Abydos and Elephantine which also suggests that he had lost control of Lower Egypt during his reign. No second dynasty objects or texts containing Peribsen's name has ever been found in all of Saqqara. By contrast, Sekhemib-Perenmaat is attested in Saqqara and his tomb at Umm el-Qa'ab lies close to the tomb of Khasekhemwy, the final king of the 2nd Dynasty. It has been argued that Sekhemib-Perenmaat was a predecessor of Khasekhemwy. This suggestion is now supported by the discovery of a fragmentary seal impression of Sekhemib-Perenmaat in the Umm el-Qaab tomb of Khasekhemwy (V, on sack-sealings from rooms 31-33, directly north of the burial chamber) by Günter Dreyer. This find reinforces the hypothesis of a direct Sekhemib-Perenmaat to Khasekhemwy succession towards the end of the Egypt's second dynasty, notes Francesco Raffaele. Where Peribsen fits into this new chronology is unknown at present. | | | | | | |
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